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F. W. JONES.

u QUADRUPLEX TELEGRAPH. No. 310,685. `Patemted JmL-13, 1885.-

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raras Miren FRANCIS WV. JONES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

QUADRUPLEX TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 310,685, dated January 13l 1885.

Application f1edJune26,18S4. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS W. Jonas, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Multiplex Telegraphs, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the transmit ting apparatus of duplex and multiplex telegraphs, and is designed to preventlagging and retardation of signals by providing an extra or clearing battery, which shall come into play at the termination of a signal with a polarity the reverseof the signaling-current, so as to assist in the discharge of `the line preparatory to a new signal.

My invention is designed more especially as an improvement on an invention described in a prior application for patent iiled by me April l5, 1884, No. 126,737. In that application I have described a transmitter system consisting of two transmitters and two sections of batteries normally charging the line,

and combined so that each transmitter when operated alone sends its signal by a current of the reverse polarity from that sent by the other, but with a tension less than that of the normal current, whileboth operated together withdraw the signalingbattery or reduce the tension to such` degree as to produce the practical effect at the receiving end of the line of no current.

My invention consists in the combination, with such system, of a supplemental or clearing battery arranged to put to line a current of the opposite polarity to that of the normal charging-current, so as to assist in discharging the line at the time that said normal current or a reduced current of normal polarity is withdrawn, as will be hereinafter incre fully described.

My invention consists, further, in certain combinations of apparatus that will be more specifically stated in the claims.

In the drawings l have illustrated diagrammatically the application of my inventionto the system of transmitters and receivers shown in' my prior application,before referred to.

TA indicates the apparatus at the transmittransmitter.

ting-station, and B the apparatus at the receiving-station, of a line equippedaccording to my invention for sending two messages in the same direction.

By the employment of the well-known differential or W'heatstone bridge duplex it is obvious, for the purpose of sending messages in opposite directions without confusion, the capacity of thc line may be doubled,` as is well understood in the art.

Ihave for the sake of simplicity omitted the circuits and arrangements whereby this could be effected, as they are matters of common information with electricians.

T 'll2 indicate the two transmitters, each operated, as usual in the art, by an electromagnet, which latter is to be controlled by a local battery and key, (not here shown,) while M M2 indicate, respectively, two sections of a main-line battery, controlled by said transmitters in such way that when both transmitters are at rest or in normal position both sections of battery may flow to line with adeterminate polarity-say positivewhile, if either of the transmitters be operated, a portion only of the battery will flow to line, the portion, and therefore, in the arrangement shown, the polarity, depending upon which key is actuated. It' both keys are operated together,both sections of the main battery are withdrawn and no current flows to line.

The construction and the connections herein shown for producing this order of currents is as follows: Each transmitter is providedw with a double contact-hook, a, and with two contact-springs, b c, insulated from the transmitter-lever, but adapted by their resiliency to bear against and make contact with the hook when they are out of contact with the stops d f, respectively. Vhen, however, the lever is operated so as to bring either spring against its stop d or j', the spring is removed from contact with the hook, and at the same time makes connection with the stop. Each spring therefore, as is obvious, acts in conjunction with its stop and the hook after the manner of the ordinary continuity-preserving The lever of the transmitter is so biased that normally the spring b shall be in contact with the hooks, andthe springs c in IOO . when operated, will, through its front contactV contact with their stops, and the springs b and stops d may therefore be called the front contact springs and stops, and the springs c and stops f the back contact springs and stops. The two terminals of the main battery M M2 are connected with the back stops f, and at an intermediate portion, near its center, said battery is connected with the front contact stops.cl. The springs b are connected to earth, and therefore, as will be obvious, either key,

spring and stop, furnish a ground for the center of the battery, and will at the same time break the connection to line of that section of the main battery connected directly with its back contact-stop,f. The other section of the main battery will find circuit to line through the back -contact-stop and spring and stop of the key which is at rest, its earth connection being furnished, as just mentioned, by the front contact and spring of the key operated.

In addition to the connections already described, the lever of transmitter T is con` nected to the back contact-spring, c, of transmitter T2 through the small battery C B, which is the clearing-battery,constituting the main feature of my present invention, While the lever of the latter is connected with earth through an artificial resistance, R3, equal in amount to the resistance of the whole main r battery M M2, plus that of battery C B of the whole4 main battery. Through this connection a circuit from line to earth is furnished independent of the battery when bot-h transmitters are operated, such circuit being from spring c of transmitter T to hook and lever of the latter, thence to spring c of T2, hook and lever of the latter, and to earth. This connection is that provided for incoming` signals when the line is quadruplexed, and the artiicial resistance B3 interposed therein constitutes a provision whereby incoming currents may in the key system meet the same resistance when both keys are closed that they do when both keys are at rest and the Whole of the main-line battery M M2, plus the clearing-battery C B, is flowing to line. Artificial resistances R B2 are interposed between the contact-stops d and the battery for a similar purpose, the resistance R being equal to that of section M of battery, that is withdrawn when transmitter T is operated, and B2 being equal to the resistance of section M2, plus that of the clearing-battery, both of which are withdrawn when transmitter T2 is operated.

The action of the apparatus and the order or system of currents, leaving out of consideration the presence of C B, which is made so small that no operation of the receiving-relays is produced by it, is as follows: Normally,or when both keys are at rest, the circuit is from earth through front contact-spring, b, for T, hook and lever of T, spring @,and stop f of T2, main battery M2 M', stop f, and spring c of T to line, so that both sections of main battery iow to line with, say, a positive polarity. If

key or transmitter T be operated, T2 remain y ing at rest, the circuit for section M is broken at stop f of T, and the circuit is then from earth through b and d of T R, section M2 of battery-stop f, spring c of Ti, lever and hook of T to spring c, (which by the operation of the transmit-ter has been removed from contact Withf and permitted to come into contact with the hook,) and to line. A current 'of diminished strength and of the opposite polarity from section M2 of battery is thus caused to iiow to line. lf transmitter T2 alone be operated, T remaining at rest, a current will flow t0 line from section M 0f battery with a positive polarity-that is, the same as when both keys are at rest-but with a diminished tension, the circuit being in such case from earth to spring b of T2, stop d, resistance B2, battery M', stopf of T', spring c of the latter, and to line. lf, while one transmitter is operated or depressed the other be operated, or if both be simultaneously operated, no current will flow to line, the connection of both poles of the main battery with line being then broken -at stop f, and the circuit being, as before described, from earth through resistance R3 and the levers, hooks a,

of currents to be sent by the transmitters by means of the signaling-battery M M2, and their proper action upon the receiving apparatus, to be presently described, or some equivalent apparatus adapted to properly analyze the currents and control the reading- Sounders., If battery M2 be of twenty cells and battery M of ten cells, clearing-battery C B might be of ve cells. Battery C B is, it will be observed, placed in the connecting- Wire with its negative pole connected to the lever and hook of transmitter T,so that whenever the latter is operated said battery will ilow to line with a current the reverse of the normal signaling or charging current from signaling-batteries M M2. If both transmitters be operated together and both signaling-batteries be withdrawn, battery C B is put to line with a reverse polarity, and helps to discharge the line, as is well understood'in t-he art. Similarly, if transmitter T alone be closed, battery C B flows and assists section Mwhich then ows with a negative polarity, and if the previous condition of line be one in which a positive current flows, as is the case when both keys are closed 0r B alone closed, assists in discharging the line. These v conditions and effects will be readily seen to exist if the operations before described be followed,with the understanding that the clearing-battery C B is in the connection shown.

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At the receiving-station D D2 indicate two aldeas 3 tacts in the local circuit when the normal current on the line is reduced by the operation of a transmitter.

S S2 indicate reading-Sounders in normallyopen local circuits controlled by the relays. The sounder S is controlled by relay D', and responds to signals sent by transmitter T. Sounder S2 is in a local circuit in which are two breaks-one at the contactstop of relay D2 and the other at the contact-stop of relay Di the circuit for said sounder being completed through the relay-levers and their contactstops in series. This sounder responds to signals sent by transmitter T2, and can-obviously only respond when both relay-levers are against their contact-stops. Relay D is polarized so that a positive current, whether of a maximum or ofa diminished tension, will hold its contacts open. A negative current will cause its lever to move, assisted by the retractor o", and close the local. Also, if no current or a very weak current flow to line, the bias given to the relay-lever by spring 1" will cause the sounder-circuit to be closed. Relay D2 is polarized so that a positive current of any strength will close its, contacts. A spring, r2, assists in this action, and also gives y the lever a bias which causes the contacts to be closed if no current or a very Weak current flow to line. A negative current-that is, one of the polarity which will close the local of S-will cause the opening of the contacts of relay D2, the spring r2 being of insutiicient ten sion to hold the lever in the position shown. Relay D3 is polarized, so as to hold its contacts open by the action of a positive current of a sufficient tension to overcome its retractor r2. The latter is set above the tension of the retractors of the other relays, and a current of the maximum tension, or that which flows when both transmitters are at rest, is required in order to overcome the spring and keep the local of S2 open at this point. lf a diminished current be sent by the closing of either key singly, or if both keys be closed together, so as to cut off the flow of current, the retractor r2 will close the local of S2 at such point, and if the contacts of relay D2 be also closed at such time, the sounder will respond. If the diminished current be a negative current, or one by which S alone should respond, the relay D2 will open its contacts before the spring r2 can cause the closing of the contacts ot' D3, and S2 will, therefore, remain unat`- fected, as it should do; but if the diminished current be a positive current-that is, of a polarity to hold contacts of D2 closed-the circuit of S2 will obviously be completed by the movements of the lever of D3 against its contact-stop, and S2 will respond. It will likewise respond if no current iiow to line, because, obviously, in this case the contacts of D2 are closed by the spring r2.

The operation is as follows: When both transmitters are at rest, a maximum current or from both sections of battery flows with positive polarity. The contacts of relay D remain open, as do those of relay D2, the cur` rent being of sufficient strength to overcome the retractor r. The contacts of D2 are closed by the action of this current; but the circuit of S2 is open at D2. It transmitter T2 be operated, a current from section ll" of battery only flows to line with a positive polarity. This current is iiisufiicient to overcome the retractor r2, and the sounder S2 operates. Sounder S remains unaffected, because the retractor r is set below the effects of a diminished current of positive polarity. lf while T is at rest T2 be operated, a current of. diminished strength, but of negative polarity, iiows to line and relay D closes its local and sounder S responds. Relay D2 opensI its contacts and keeps the local ot' S2 open, although relay D2, by the action of such reversed current and the retractor r2, closes its contacts.

Under this condition the signaling-current isl from section M2 of battery, but is combined with the current from the clearing-battery, which is7 however, so small that the tension of M and C B is less than that of the normal or charging current, and the eHect of 4U B is to assist in bringing about a reversal of the line condition if the previous condition be one of positive current. It', now, while T2 is closed T be also closed, the whole battery is withdrawn from line, and the retractor r2 of relay D2 closes the local of S2, the relay-contacts now being all closed by the action of the retractors. The same action obviously takes place if both transmitters are operated simultaneously so as to cut down the maximum current of a positive polarity to Zero. In such ease the retractors r and r3 act and close the locals. The operation under the latter suppositionsis accompanied by the placing of the clearing-battery to line, which not only assists in clearing the line but in producing the closn ure of the local for S if at the time ofthe operation the line-current bea positive one. rlhe tension of the battery C B is insufficient to cause the armature of relay D2 to overcome its retractor, and it does not therefore interfere with the action of the latter relay under the condition produced by the closure of both transmitters T T2.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination, with two sections of main battery, a normally-charged circuit, and two transmitters, which respectively send signals by currents of diminishedtension, but ot' opposite polarity, and when operated together cut oft'both sections of main battery, of a supplemental battery for clearing the line, said battery being placed in the circuit when both transmitters are closed, and having its poles connected in circuit, -so as to place to y line a weakened current of opposite polarity to that iiowing when both sections of battery are to line.

2. The combination, substantially as described, in a multiplex telegraph, of a nor- IOO IIO

wally-charged circuit, two transmitters which sendeach a current of opposite polarity to that sent by the other, but of a tension less than that of the normal current iiowing when both are at rest, and when operated together send a signal by withdrawing the niain or signaling battery, and a supplemental or clearing battery connected to line, wit-h a polarity the opposite of that for the main battery when both sections ofthe latter are to line.

3. The combination, with two transmitters that individually send each a current of the opposite polarity to that sent by the other, but of a tension less than that of the normallyflowing current, and when they are operated together reduce the current, of a supplemental or clearing battery in the circuit when both keys are closed, but with a polarity the opposite of the no1-nially-charging,` current.

4. The combination, with the two doublehook transmitters, the two sections of main battery connected at an intermediate portion to normally-open ground-point of the two transinitters, and at its extremities, respectively, to the normally-closed line-connecting points, of a supplemental or clearing battery in a connection between the two transmitters, and having,` a reverse pole to that of the main chargin g-battery connected to line when both transinit-ters are operated.

5. The combination, substantially as described, ofthe two sections of main battery, the olearing-batter}T C B, and artificial resistances R R2, one equivalent to the resistance of one sectionA of main battery, and the other equivalent to the other section of battery plus that of clearing-battery C B.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 21st day of June, A. D. 1884.

FRANCIS W. JONES.. Witnessesz t Trios. TooMnY, i GEO. C. ColFiN. 

